As investigated in this study, the sustained moment and resulting long-term deformation increases differential shortening between compression members under construction and ultimately changes member forces by redistributing loads. Journal of the American Concrete Institute, 27(7), 727755. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. BT /F4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 126.001 709.217 Tm 0 g BX /GS1 gs EX 0.0001 Tc 0.0002 Tw (For design, we set maximum stress )Tj /F10 1 Tf 14.308 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 304.933 706.817 Tm (max)Tj 12 0 0 12 316.801 709.217 Tm 0.0002 Tw ( equal to allowable stress )Tj /F10 1 Tf 10.306 0 TD 0 Tw (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 447.709 706.817 Tm (all)Tj 12 0 0 12 454.561 709.217 Tm ( and invert)Tj -30.38 -1.2 TD 0.0003 Tw (the stress concentration expression:)Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 271.254 677.809 m 303.95 677.809 l 376.435 677.809 m 394.44 677.809 l S BT /F9 1 Tf 12.003 0 2.641 11.985 182.984 674.719 Tm 2.9777 Tc (ss)Tj 16.2903 -0.763 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw (s)Tj /F3 1 Tf 7.002 0 0 6.991 191.611 671.723 Tm (max)Tj /F9 1 Tf 12.003 0 0 11.985 207.865 674.719 Tm 3.0239 Tc [(==)-1106.8(\336)-72.4(=)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 0.8411 0 TD 2.9059 Tc (KK)Tj 5.5208 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj -0.9531 -1.3906 TD (A)Tj 4.1328 0.763 TD 3.0244 Tc (AK)Tj 4.9714 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj 7.002 0 0 6.991 234.496 671.723 Tm (nom)Tj 6.4018 -1.3125 TD (reduced)Tj 7.0848 1.308 TD (reduced)Tj 8.0223 -1.308 TD (all)Tj /F3 1 Tf 12.003 0 0 11.985 396.44 674.719 Tm ( \(7\))Tj /F4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 90.001 649.937 Tm 0.0079 Tw (Since A)Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 128.426 647.537 Tm 0.0006 Tc (reduced )Tj 12 0 0 12 152.221 649.937 Tm 0 Tc 0.0002 Tw (is necessary to find K which is yet unknown, we have a dilemma. Time-Dependent Deformations of Eccentrically Loaded Reinforced Concrete Columns, $$\varepsilon_{cr} (t,t_{0} ) = \left( {\frac{{P_{sus} }}{{A_{traa} }}} \right)\frac{1}{{E_{caa} (t,t_{0} )}}$$, $$E_{caa} (t,t_{0} ) = \frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{1 + \chi (t_{0} )[E_{ct} (t_{0} )/E_{ct} (28)]\phi (t,t_{0} )}}$$, $$\chi (t_{0} ) = \frac{{t_{0}^{0.5} }}{{1 + t_{0}^{0.5} }}$$, $$\phi (t,t_{0} ) = \frac{{(t - t_{0} )^{0.6} }}{{10 + (t - t_{0} )^{0.6} }}$$, $$\begin{aligned} \varepsilon_{cr} (t,t_{0} ) &= \left( {\frac{{P_{sus} }}{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )A_{tr} }}} \right)\left( {\frac{{A_{tr} }}{{A_{traa} }}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right] \hfill \\ \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, &= \varepsilon_{a0} \left( {\frac{{1 + n\bar{\rho }}}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\rho }}}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right] \hfill \\ \end{aligned}$$, $$E_{ct} (t_{0} ) = 5000\sqrt {f^{\prime}_{ct} (t_{0} )}$$, $$f^{\prime}_{ct} (t_{0} ) = \left( {\frac{{t_{0} }}{{4.0 + 0.85t_{0} }}} \right)f^{\prime}_{ct} (28)$$, $$\varepsilon_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) = \varepsilon_{cs} (t,t_{0} )\left( {\frac{1}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\rho }}}} \right)$$, $$\varepsilon_{cs} (t,t_{0} ) = \varepsilon_{shu} \left[ {\frac{{\left( {t - t_{s} } \right)}}{{35 + \left( {t - t_{s} } \right)}} - \frac{{\left( {t_{0} - t_{s} } \right)}}{{35 + \left( {t_{0} - t_{s} } \right)}}} \right]$$, $$\begin{aligned} \varepsilon_{a} (t,t_{0} ) = & \, \varepsilon_{cr} (t,t_{0} ) + \varepsilon_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) \hfill \\ \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, =& \, \varepsilon_{a0} \left( {\frac{{1 + n\bar{\rho }}}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\rho }}}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right] \\ & + \varepsilon_{cs} (t,t_{0} )\left( {\frac{1}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\rho }}}} \right) \hfill \\ \end{aligned}$$, \(\gamma_{VS} = {\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 2$} \kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em \lower0.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 3$}}[1 + 1.13\exp ( - 0.0213\,VS)]\), \(\gamma_{LA} \gamma_{VS} \phi^{\prime}_{u}\), \(\gamma_{VS} \varepsilon^{\prime}_{shu}\), $$\kappa_{cr} (t,t_{0} ) = \left( {\frac{{M_{sus} }}{{I_{traa} }}} \right)\frac{1}{{E_{caa} (t,t_{0} )}} = \left( {\frac{{M_{sus} }}{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )I_{traa} }}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right]$$, $$\begin{aligned} \kappa_{cr} (t,t_{0} ) =& \, \left( {\frac{{M_{sus} }}{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )I_{tr} }}} \right)\left( {\frac{{I_{tr} }}{{I_{traa} }}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right] \hfill \\ \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, =& \, \kappa_{0} \left( {\frac{{1 + n\bar{\eta }}}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\eta }}}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right] \hfill \\ \end{aligned}$$, $$E_{caa} I_{c} \kappa_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) = E_{s} \left[ {\varepsilon_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) - \kappa_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) \cdot y_{t} } \right]A_{st} y_{t} - E_{s} \left[ {\varepsilon_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) + \kappa_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) \cdot y_{b} } \right]A_{sb} y_{b}$$, $$\kappa_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) = \varepsilon_{sh} (t,t_{0} )\left( {\frac{{A_{st} y_{t} - A_{sb} y_{b} }}{{I_{c} }}} \right)\left( {\frac{{n_{aa} }}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\eta }}}} \right)$$, $$\begin{aligned} \kappa (t,t_{0} ) = \kappa_{cr} (t,t_{0} ) \pm \kappa_{sh} (t,t_{0} ) \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \hfill \\ \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \kappa_{0} \left( {\frac{{1 + n\bar{\eta }}}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\eta }}}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right] \pm \varepsilon_{sh} (t,t_{0} )\left( {\frac{{A_{st} y_{t} - A_{sb} y_{b} }}{{I_{c} }}} \right)\left( {\frac{{n_{aa} }}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\eta }}}} \right) \hfill \\ \end{aligned}$$, $$\delta (t,t_{0} ) = \delta_{0} \left( {\frac{{1 + n\bar{\eta }}}{{1 + n_{aa} \bar{\eta }}}} \right)\left[ {1 + \chi (t_{0} )\left[ {\frac{{E_{ct} (t_{0} )}}{{E_{ct} (28)}}} \right]\phi (t,t_{0} )} \right]$$, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40069-018-0312-1, International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Innovative Technologies of Structural System, Vibration Control, and Construction for Concrete High-rise Buildings. Design code for structural concrete, KCI 2012. )Tj /F13 1 Tf 0.75 0 TD 0 Tw ( )Tj /F4 1 Tf 0.75 0 TD 0.0001 Tw (Make a list of everything you know about the problem. The stress, )Tj /F10 1 Tf 12 0 2.551 12 427.921 421.697 Tm 0 Tw (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 435.157 421.697 Tm (, is related as)Tj -28.763 -1.2 TD (follows:)Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.499 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 312.589 384.289 m 321.862 384.289 l 360.328 384.289 m 380.748 384.289 l S BT /F9 1 Tf 11.99 0 2.638 11.985 290.983 381.199 Tm (s)Tj 6.0585 -0.763 TD (s)Tj 11.99 0 0 11.985 302.66 381.199 Tm 1.3 Tc [(=\336)154.2(=)]TJ /F7 1 Tf 0.9323 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj 0.0234 -1.3906 TD (A)Tj 2.1823 0.763 TD (A)Tj 1.7708 0.6276 TD (P)Tj 6.994 0 0 6.991 370.195 369.027 Tm 0.0001 Tc (all)Tj /F3 1 Tf -0.4732 2.3884 TD (max)Tj /F12 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 381.841 381.137 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj /F4 1 Tf 10.5006 0 TD 0.0064 Tc [(\(1)6.4(\))]TJ -34.8206 -2.58 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 96.721 347.777 Tm (max)Tj 12 0 0 12 108.721 350.177 Tm 0.0001 Tw ( is the maximum internal force acting at the section of interest and )Tj /F10 1 Tf 26.7503 0 TD 0 Tw (s)Tj /F4 1 Tf 6.96 0 0 6.96 436.961 347.777 Tm (all )Tj 12 0 0 12 447.401 350.177 Tm (is the)Tj -29.7833 -1.2 TD 0.0002 Tw (allowable stress the material can sustain. (2004). 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. )Tj -1.5 -2.34 TD 0 Tw (Lower Section)Tj /F6 1 Tf 0 -2.2 TD (FBD:)Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.72 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 302.521 176.657 m 302.521 147.377 l S 298.561 148.337 m 302.401 140.417 l 306.241 148.337 l 298.561 148.337 l f* 306.121 284.657 m 306.121 255.377 l S 309.841 283.937 m 306.001 291.857 l 302.161 283.937 l 309.841 283.937 l f* 1 g 263.281 176.897 78.48 64.08 re f 262.921 241.337 79.2 -64.8 re S 262.801 241.457 m 264.721 242.417 l 266.881 243.377 l 268.321 244.337 l 269.041 244.577 l 269.761 244.337 l 270.721 242.897 l 271.201 240.737 l 271.441 239.777 l 271.681 239.057 l 271.681 238.337 l 273.121 239.297 l 274.081 239.777 l 274.561 240.257 l 275.041 240.497 l 275.041 240.737 l 274.801 240.257 l 274.321 239.777 l 274.321 238.817 l 274.561 238.337 l 274.801 238.097 l 275.761 237.617 l 276.721 237.377 l 277.441 237.617 l 278.401 238.097 l 279.121 238.817 l 279.841 239.297 l 281.521 240.017 l 285.121 241.217 l 285.601 241.457 l 285.841 241.457 l 286.081 239.537 l 286.321 238.817 l 286.801 238.337 l 287.521 238.337 l 288.241 238.577 l 288.961 239.057 l 289.681 239.297 l 291.361 239.777 l 292.561 240.257 l 294.001 240.977 l 294.721 241.217 l 294.961 241.457 l 295.441 241.457 l 295.921 241.697 l 296.641 241.937 l 297.841 242.417 l 298.801 242.177 l 299.761 241.697 l 300.721 241.457 l 301.681 241.457 l 302.401 241.697 l 303.361 242.417 l 304.081 243.137 l 304.801 243.377 l 305.281 242.897 l 305.521 242.177 l 305.521 241.217 l 305.761 240.257 l 307.681 236.417 l 309.361 238.337 l 310.801 240.257 l 311.041 241.217 l 311.041 242.417 l 311.281 243.137 l 311.521 243.377 l 311.761 243.377 l 312.721 242.417 l 313.441 241.217 l 314.881 238.337 l 316.801 235.457 l 318.241 235.697 l 318.961 235.937 l 319.681 236.417 l 322.561 239.297 l 323.041 240.017 l 323.281 240.737 l 323.281 240.977 l 323.041 240.977 l 322.321 240.497 l 321.361 240.017 l 321.121 240.017 l 321.361 240.017 l 322.081 240.497 l 323.041 241.217 l 324.721 242.417 l 324.961 241.697 l 324.961 240.737 l 325.201 239.777 l 325.681 239.297 l 326.401 239.537 l 327.361 240.017 l 328.081 240.977 l 328.801 241.457 l 331.681 242.417 l 332.401 240.977 l 332.881 239.297 l 332.881 237.137 l 333.121 236.177 l 333.841 235.457 l 334.321 235.217 l 335.761 235.937 l 337.681 237.377 l 338.641 237.617 l 339.601 238.097 l 340.561 238.337 l 340.801 238.337 l 262.801 241.457 l f* 0 g 264.481 242.657 m 265.201 242.657 l 265.201 241.937 l 263.281 240.977 l 262.561 240.977 l 262.561 241.697 l f 266.641 243.617 m 267.361 243.617 l 267.361 242.897 l 265.201 241.937 l 264.481 241.937 l 264.481 242.657 l f 267.361 244.097 m 268.081 244.097 l 268.081 243.377 l 267.361 242.897 l 266.641 242.897 l 266.641 243.617 l f 268.081 244.577 m 268.801 244.577 l 268.801 243.857 l 268.081 243.377 l 267.361 243.377 l 267.361 244.097 l f 268.801 244.817 m 269.521 244.817 l 269.521 244.097 l 268.801 243.857 l 268.081 243.857 l 268.081 244.577 l f 268.801 244.817 m 269.521 244.817 l 270.241 244.577 l 270.241 243.857 l 269.521 243.857 l 268.801 244.097 l f 269.521 244.577 m 270.241 244.577 l 270.721 243.857 l 270.721 243.137 l 270.001 243.137 l 269.521 243.857 l f 270.001 243.857 m 270.721 243.857 l 271.201 243.137 l 271.201 242.417 l 270.481 242.417 l 270.001 243.137 l f 270.481 243.137 m 271.201 243.137 l 271.681 240.977 l 271.681 240.257 l 270.961 240.257 l 270.481 242.417 l f 270.961 240.977 m 271.681 240.977 l 271.921 240.017 l 271.921 239.297 l 271.201 239.297 l 270.961 240.257 l f 271.201 240.017 m 271.921 240.017 l 272.161 239.297 l 272.161 238.577 l 271.441 238.577 l 271.201 239.297 l f 271.801 239.297 m 271.801 238.097 l 271.801 238.817 m 271.801 237.857 l S 272.881 239.537 m 273.601 239.537 l 273.601 238.817 l 272.161 237.857 l 271.441 237.857 l 271.441 238.577 l f 273.841 240.017 m 274.561 240.017 l 274.561 239.297 l 273.601 238.817 l 272.881 238.817 l 272.881 239.537 l f 274.321 240.497 m 275.041 240.497 l 275.041 239.777 l 274.561 239.297 l 273.841 239.297 l 273.841 240.017 l f 274.801 240.737 m 275.521 240.737 l 275.521 240.017 l 275.041 239.777 l 274.321 239.777 l 274.321 240.497 l f 275.161 240.977 m 275.161 240.017 l S 274.801 240.977 m 275.521 240.977 l 275.521 240.257 l 275.281 239.777 l 274.561 239.777 l 274.561 240.497 l f 274.561 240.497 m 275.281 240.497 l 275.281 239.777 l 274.801 239.297 l 274.081 239.297 l 274.081 240.017 l f 274.441 240.017 m 274.441 238.337 l S 274.081 239.057 m 274.801 239.057 l 275.041 238.577 l 275.041 237.857 l 274.321 237.857 l 274.081 238.337 l f 274.321 238.577 m 275.041 238.577 l 275.281 238.337 l 275.281 237.617 l 274.561 237.617 l 274.321 237.857 l f 274.561 238.337 m 275.281 238.337 l 276.241 237.857 l 276.241 237.137 l 275.521 237.137 l 274.561 237.617 l f 275.521 237.857 m 276.241 237.857 l 277.201 237.617 l 277.201 236.897 l 276.481 236.897 l 275.521 237.137 l f 277.201 237.857 m 277.921 237.857 l 277.921 237.137 l 277.201 236.897 l 276.481 236.897 l 276.481 237.617 l f 278.161 238.337 m 278.881 238.337 l 278.881 237.617 l 277.921 237.137 l 277.201 237.137 l 277.201 237.857 l f 278.881 239.057 m 279.601 239.057 l 279.601 238.337 l 278.881 237.617 l 278.161 237.617 l 278.161 238.337 l f 279.601 239.537 m 280.321 239.537 l 280.321 238.817 l 279.601 238.337 l 278.881 238.337 l 278.881 239.057 l f 281.281 240.257 m 282.001 240.257 l 282.001 239.537 l 280.321 238.817 l 279.601 238.817 l 279.601 239.537 l f 283.441 240.977 m 284.161 240.977 l 284.161 240.257 l 282.001 239.537 l 281.281 239.537 l 281.281 240.257 l f 284.881 241.457 m 285.601 241.457 l 285.601 240.737 l 284.161 240.257 l 283.441 240.257 l 283.441 240.977 l f 285.361 241.697 m 286.081 241.697 l 286.081 240.977 l 285.601 240.737 l 284.881 240.737 l 284.881 241.457 l f 285.361 241.337 m 286.321 241.337 l S 285.601 241.697 m 286.321 241.697 l 286.561 239.777 l 286.561 239.057 l 285.841 239.057 l 285.601 240.977 l f 285.841 239.777 m 286.561 239.777 l 286.801 239.057 l 286.801 238.337 l 286.081 238.337 l 285.841 239.057 l f 286.081 239.057 m 286.801 239.057 l 287.281 238.577 l 287.281 237.857 l 286.561 237.857 l 286.081 238.337 l f 286.561 238.217 m 288.001 238.217 l S 288.001 238.817 m 288.721 238.817 l 288.721 238.097 l 288.001 237.857 l 287.281 237.857 l 287.281 238.577 l f 288.721 239.297 m 289.441 239.297 l 289.441 238.577 l 288.721 238.097 l 288.001 238.097 l 288.001 238.817 l f 289.441 239.537 m 290.161 239.537 l 290.161 238.817 l 289.441 238.577 l 288.721 238.577 l 288.721 239.297 l f 291.121 240.017 m 291.841 240.017 l 291.841 239.297 l 290.161 238.817 l 289.441 238.817 l 289.441 239.537 l f 292.321 240.497 m 293.041 240.497 l 293.041 239.777 l 291.841 239.297 l 291.121 239.297 l 291.121 240.017 l f 293.281 240.977 m 294.001 240.977 l 294.001 240.257 l 293.041 239.777 l 292.321 239.777 l 292.321 240.497 l f 293.761 241.217 m 294.481 241.217 l 294.481 240.497 l 294.001 240.257 l 293.281 240.257 l 293.281 240.977 l f 294.481 241.457 m 295.201 241.457 l 295.201 240.737 l 294.481 240.497 l 293.761 240.497 l 293.761 241.217 l f 294.841 241.457 m 294.841 240.737 l 294.841 241.457 m 294.841 240.737 l S 294.721 241.697 m 295.441 241.697 l 295.441 240.977 l 295.201 240.737 l 294.481 240.737 l 294.481 241.457 l f 294.721 241.337 m 295.921 241.337 l S 295.681 241.937 m 296.401 241.937 l 296.401 241.217 l 295.921 240.977 l 295.201 240.977 l 295.201 241.697 l f 296.401 242.177 m 297.121 242.177 l 297.121 241.457 l 296.401 241.217 l 295.681 241.217 l 295.681 241.937 l f 297.601 242.657 m 298.321 242.657 l 298.321 241.937 l 297.121 241.457 l 296.401 241.457 l 296.401 242.177 l f 297.601 242.657 m 298.321 242.657 l 299.281 242.417 l 299.281 241.697 l 298.561 241.697 l 297.601 241.937 l f 298.561 242.417 m 299.281 242.417 l 300.241 241.937 l 300.241 241.217 l 299.521 241.217 l 298.561 241.697 l f 299.521 241.937 m 300.241 241.937 l 301.201 241.697 l 301.201 240.977 l 300.481 240.977 l 299.521 241.217 l f 300.481 241.337 m 302.161 241.337 l S 302.161 241.937 m 302.881 241.937 l 302.881 241.217 l 302.161 240.977 l 301.441 240.977 l 301.441 241.697 l f 303.121 242.657 m 303.841 242.657 l 303.841 241.937 l 302.881 241.217 l 302.161 241.217 l 302.161 241.937 l f 303.841 243.377 m 304.561 243.377 l 304.561 242.657 l 303.841 241.937 l 303.121 241.937 l 303.121 242.657 l f 304.561 243.617 m 305.281 243.617 l 305.281 242.897 l 304.561 242.657 l 303.841 242.657 l 303.841 243.377 l f 304.561 243.617 m 305.281 243.617 l 305.761 243.137 l 305.761 242.417 l 305.041 242.417 l 304.561 242.897 l f 305.041 243.137 m 305.761 243.137 l 306.001 242.417 l 306.001 241.697 l 305.281 241.697 l 305.041 242.417 l f 305.641 242.417 m 305.641 240.737 l S 305.281 241.457 m 306.001 241.457 l 306.241 240.497 l 306.241 239.777 l 305.521 239.777 l 305.281 240.737 l f 305.521 240.497 m 306.241 240.497 l 307.201 238.577 l 307.201 237.857 l 306.481 237.857 l 305.521 239.777 l f 306.481 238.577 m 307.201 238.577 l 308.161 236.657 l 308.161 235.937 l 307.441 235.937 l 306.481 237.857 l f 309.121 238.577 m 309.841 238.577 l 309.841 237.857 l 308.161 235.937 l 307.441 235.937 l 307.441 236.657 l f 310.561 240.497 m 311.281 240.497 l 311.281 239.777 l 309.841 237.857 l 309.121 237.857 l 309.121 238.577 l f 310.801 241.457 m 311.521 241.457 l 311.521 240.737 l 311.281 239.777 l 310.561 239.777 l 310.561 240.497 l f 311.161 242.657 m 311.161 240.737 l S 311.041 243.377 m 311.761 243.377 l 311.761 242.657 l 311.521 241.937 l 310.801 241.937 l 310.801 242.657 l f 311.281 243.617 m 312.001 243.617 l 312.001 242.897 l 311.761 242.657 l 311.041 242.657 l 311.041 243.377 l f 311.281 243.257 m 312.241 243.257 l S 311.521 243.617 m 312.241 243.617 l 313.201 242.657 l 313.201 241.937 l 312.481 241.937 l 311.521 242.897 l f 312.481 242.657 m 313.201 242.657 l 313.921 241.457 l 313.921 240.737 l 313.201 240.737 l 312.481 241.937 l f 313.201 241.457 m 313.921 241.457 l 314.641 240.017 l 314.641 239.297 l 313.921 239.297 l 313.201 240.737 l f 313.921 240.017 m 314.641 240.017 l 315.361 238.577 l 315.361 237.857 l 314.641 237.857 l 313.921 239.297 l f 314.641 238.577 m 315.361 238.577 l 316.321 237.137 l 316.321 236.417 l 315.601 236.417 l 314.641 237.857 l f 315.601 237.137 m 316.321 237.137 l 317.281 235.697 l 317.281 234.977 l 316.561 234.977 l 315.601 236.417 l f 318.001 235.937 m 318.721 235.937 l 318.721 235.217 l 317.281 234.977 l 316.561 234.977 l 316.561 235.697 l f 318.721 236.177 m 319.441 236.177 l 319.441 235.457 l 318.721 235.217 l 318.001 235.217 l 318.001 235.937 l f 319.441 236.657 m 320.161 236.657 l 320.161 235.937 l 319.441 235.457 l 318.721 235.457 l 318.721 236.177 l f 321.121 238.337 m 321.841 238.337 l 321.841 237.617 l 320.161 235.937 l 319.441 235.937 l 319.441 236.657 l f 322.321 239.537 m 323.041 239.537 l 323.041 238.817 l 321.841 237.617 l 321.121 237.617 l 321.121 238.337 l f 322.801 240.257 m 323.521 240.257 l 323.521 239.537 l 323.041 238.817 l 322.321 238.817 l 322.321 239.537 l f 323.041 240.977 m 323.761 240.977 l 323.761 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factor of safety of 1.3. !!<9t!42_b"60B6!,DYg! The results of the present study were summarized as follows. McGregor, J. G. (1997). The confinement of steel tube to concrete was not obvious at this stage. Also check graph of K values. If the action of the load is to increase the length of the member, the member is said to be in tension ( Fig. Now, in small doses, axial loading exercise is excellent for men and women. We hope you are enjoying ScienceStruck! These cookies do not store any personal information. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Eccentrically loaded concrete columns under sustained load. ,9XJs>#ABH+L$hn,?Z.nm86t1+L"R.,?Z.nOAT+)+Ku;C,?Z05/M&"e72T]++KtlS !&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8!&ag8 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structuresPart 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, BS EN 1992-1-1: 2004 (p. 2004). This information may be useful to consider for the diagnosis and. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. 5[be>AmhhG-6l&P/M'=87O)?G5[Y_=-=O,D@B]k],=k?W/--;)49.Jq/0IA++L'*Y !BW=g/A\6EgtF6Eh(i *9/L!4i.G!>tk$!.P!&"4I7* )Tj ET 0.499 w 263.431 469.633 m 276.121 469.633 l 324.723 469.633 m 337.413 469.633 l 395.517 469.633 m 408.206 469.633 l S BT /F7 1 Tf 12.002 0 0 11.97 194.638 466.547 Tm 0 Tw (K)Tj 6.3151 0.6276 TD (r)Tj -0.5078 -1.3906 TD (W)Tj 5.6146 1.3906 TD (r)Tj -0.5078 -1.3906 TD (W)Tj 6.4063 1.3906 TD (r)Tj -0.5078 -1.3906 TD (W)Tj /F9 1 Tf -15.8307 0.763 TD 0.9067 Tc [(=-)-3138.1(+)]TJ 9.3437 0.4661 TD 0 Tc (\346)Tj 0 -1.0495 TD (\350)Tj 1.5964 1.0495 TD (\366)Tj 0 -1.0495 TD (\370)Tj 1.1146 0.5833 TD (-)Tj 3.1875 0.4661 TD (\346)Tj 0 -1.0495 TD (\350)Tj 1.5964 1.0495 TD (\366)Tj 0 -1.0495 TD (\370)Tj /F3 1 Tf -16.0521 0.5833 TD 0.9115 Tc [(33)661.5(1)911.5(3)]TJ 4.0182 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (2)Tj 1.9896 -0.6276 TD 0.25 Tc [(36)250(6)]TJ 3.1172 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (2)Tj 2.8177 -0.6276 TD 0.25 Tc [(15)250(3)]TJ 3.0807 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (2)Tj 7.001 0 0 6.982 343.914 480.231 Tm 9.5982 Tc (23)Tj 12.002 0 0 11.97 238.802 466.547 Tm 1.1172 Tc [(.*)-1612(.)-36.4(*)-2914(. In assuming that A-36)Tj 0 -1.14 TD (steel behaves like aluminum we will pick the smaller of these two values, namely 42%,)Tj 0 -1.16 TD (and use that percentage as our shear strength for A-36 steel. Contents 1 Changes in axial load 2 Axial: running in hole 3 Axial: overpull while running 4 Axial: green cement pressure test 5 Axial: other load cases 5.1 Air weight of casing only *)Tj 3.6797 0.6276 TD 0 Tc (*)Tj 1.1328 -1.3906 TD (. A key definition is A )Tj 6.96 0 0 6.96 451.921 550.577 Tm (reduced)Tj 12 0 0 12 474.001 552.977 Tm 0 Tw ( which)Tj -32 -1.16 TD 0.0002 Tw (varies not only with geometry, but also between references, hence one must be careful to)Tj 0 -1.14 TD (use it correctly. must be specified in all design)Tj 0 -1.16 TD 0.0003 Tw (projects; typical values for stress analysis are 1> /ExtGState << /GS1 14 0 R >> >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Length 5098 >> stream If you perform these movements too intensely and too frequently, when other stressors in life are much higher, your CNS will get fried. 25 Bone is inherently mechanosensitive and responds and adapts to its mechanical environment. )Tj 0 -2.34 TD (FBD:)Tj ET 144.241 194.657 m 144.961 194.657 l 145.201 180.257 l 145.201 179.537 l 144.481 179.537 l 144.241 193.937 l f 140.881 180.737 m 144.721 172.817 l 148.561 180.737 l 140.881 180.737 l f* 0.72 w 162.121 362.657 m 162.121 347.777 l S 165.841 361.937 m 162.001 369.857 l 158.161 361.937 l 165.841 361.937 l f* 126.121 362.657 m 126.121 347.777 l S 129.841 361.937 m 126.001 369.857 l 122.161 361.937 l 129.841 361.937 l f* 1 g 133.681 194.657 20.88 157.68 re f 133.321 352.697 21.6 -158.4 re S 90.001 338.417 28.8 21.6 re f BT 12 0 0 12 97.201 345.857 Tm 0 g 0 Tw (V)Tj ET 1 g 126.001 144.017 50.4 21.6 re f BT 12 0 0 12 133.201 151.457 Tm 0 g (1000)Tj ET endstream endobj 40 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F3 6 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F6 8 0 R /F7 9 0 R /F9 11 0 R /F10 12 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 14 0 R >> >> endobj 42 0 obj << /Length 6599 >> stream

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