Message transcript and recording 1982 by Ray Stedman Ministries, owner of sole copyright by assignment from the author. THEME: We know that Timothy's tears at their last parting increased Paul's desire to see him again (vs. 4). First, Paul urges Timothy to come to him in Rome, something he has already requested once in this letter (2 Timothy 4:9). When you come bring the cloak Although we do not know this for sure, this king likely named his daughter Claudia, since his own name was Tiberius Claudius (after Claudius, the Emperor), and sent her to Rome, which was the custom of the kings who fell under the rule of the Empire, to guarantee that the treaty of relationship would be carried out. every evil deed, and bring me safely to His heavenly Context Summary. 9Do your best to come to me quickly, 10for Demas, because he loved this world, has deserted me and has gone to Thessalonica. Abstract. author is hopeful Timothy will be joining him shortly. Thus one Praetor presided at trials for homicide, another at trials for treason, and so on. I am already being poured out as a drink offering, And there were others, some of them high in station, who came to receive from the chained malefactor blessings infinitely greater than all the favors of the Emperor of the world. Despite one successful trial, Paul knows he will not leave Rome alive. Thirty years after Paul's death, Timothy is But the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, so that through me the proclamation might be fully made, and all the Gentiles might hear the gospel; and I was delivered out of the lion's mouth. 7-Jan at the same time to encourage Timothy, by showing the Now in opposition to him, let us consider Paul. We can quite properly read into this much heartache on the part of Paul. The prison, including its underground inner dungeon can, however, still be visited today beneath the Basilica di San Paolo in Carcere. be executed. to them and Irenaeus and Tertullian identify them as Amen. If this was the same with the Jewish Alexander of Ephesus (Acts 19:33), it would be probable that his testimony related to the former charge. Mark had redeemed himself. evidence supports Pauline authorship of these . no one supported me, but all deserted me; may it not What is the Denouement of the story a day in the country? Only Luke is with me. But, at this period, one article of accusation against Paul must have been the more serious charge of having instigated the Roman Christians to their supposed act of incendiarism before his last departure from the capital. his final hours before his execution in a cold, The difficulty of dating this letter is that we know So I was rescued from the lion's mouth. There is some slight evidence that the apostle was not beheaded until the spring of the year 68, and this letter was written in the late summer or fall of 67. Amen." He stands for those heartbreaking cases who have begun well, who seem to hold forth much promise of faithfulness in Christ, but drift back again into the empty pleasures and commerce of the world, lose their Christian testimony, and nothing further is heard of them. TONE: Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, (2Timothy 4:22a RSV). Many scholars believe Paul was made the scapegoat for Nero's burning of Rome. http://www.bible.org/. . I have fought a good fight; I have finished the course; I have kept the faith. Paul's friends, indeed, are still suffered to visit him in his confinement in Rome, but we hear nothing of his preaching. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. John's Letters to the believers in Asia Minor, 20. We see from this statement, that it was dangerous even to appear in public as the friend or adviser of the Apostle Paul. He is another whom Paul calls, "my own son." : I like the way one of the modern versions translates that: "He is a good man to have around the place." kept the faith; in the future there is laid u for me Does it Matter That I Didn't Keep My Goals for Lent? AnswerThe Second Epistle to Timothy is traditionally believed to have been written by Paul from Rome. The diversity of subjects would But notice where the apostle rests his case: "The Lord will requite him for his deeds," he says. of a different amanuensis. 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). So this brings us right up to the present time, to the end of our studies in these two letters of Paul, and to the end of the apostle's life. Verse16: At my first defense no one took my part; all deserted me. At the same time, Paul successfully defended himself from the first of the charges brought against him, which perhaps accused him of conspiring with the incendiaries of Rome. this letter was written in Rome, but logistically it more plausible In this beautiful verse, he expresses his feeling that he is safe in the Lord's hands. Wil also serves as the For the next two years, Paul lived in Rome at his own expense. proclamation might be fully accomplished, and that Timothy was recently freed from an unknown imprisonment and the One was the silversmith in Ephesus who led the riot, recorded in the eighteenth chapter of Acts, that threatened the apostle's life. 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The From Philippians 1:19, 25, Here, he once again asks Timothy not to delay in making one last trip. But the Lord stood with me, If we put all that together it sounds very much as though Claudia came to Rome, met Pudens, married him there, and they became Christians. Thus the trial of criminal charges was transferred from a jury of independent Judices to a single magistrate appointed by a despot, and controlled only by a Council of Assessors, to whom he was not bound to attend. closest friend. Brutalized as the Romans were by the perpetual spectacle of human combats in the amphitheater, and hardened by popular prejudice against the "atheistical" sect, yet the tortures of the victims excited even their compassion. Then when Timothy came and had given St. Paul an account of the churches of Macedonia, St. Paul sent him back to Thessalonica, from where he returned with Silas and came to St. Paul at Corinth. It appears Paul wrote sometime in the fall, urging Timothy to come before winter weather shut down sea travel. Evangelism in Depth conferences in Paul also sends greetings to the family of Onesiphorus, who is currently with Paul in Rome (see 2 Timothy 1:16-18). facing death, looking back at his service for God, The Paul wrote 4 . (2Timothy 4:13-15 RSV), It seems very likely that Paul was re-arrested by the Roman authorities in Troas. hole in the ceiling which was 6.5 feet high. 21Do your best to get here before winter. Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? . writes expecting his execution, yet triumphant: "For 4:21-22 Paul urges Timothy to do his best to visit him in Rome before the winter (when storms would make the Mediterranean Sea crossing from Ephesus impossible). Irenaeus, one of the early church fathers, mentions a Linus who was the Bishop of Rome. last years of his life. It seems that he himself expected this not to come on so soon as it really did; or, at any rate, he did not think the final decision would be given till the following (2Timothy 4:21) winter, whereas it actually took place about midsummer. . Paul was now remanded to prison to wait for the second stage of his trial. At this time Paul was in his second imprisonment in Rome ( 2 Timothy 1:2, 8 ). He is the One on whom you can always count. written by the apostle Paul. Here, he is telling Timothy that he will face persecution for teaching the message of Christ Jesus.All was obviously going to happen very quickly, in the twinkling of an eye ( 1 . He [Paul] was confident of Timothy's commitment to and dependence on the Scriptures, and he was even more confident of God's ability to supply all Timothy's needs through the Word. dark, damp Roman dungeon. to Rome, and beheaded. When Timothy received this command . How to get right with God: Sacrifice or Faith? This great asserter of the cause of Christ was a disciple of St. Paul and born at Lystra in Lycaonia. He Yet this last letter that comes from his hand, Second Timothy, finds him in a dank prison in Rome. The time has come for Pauls departure, and there is Only Luke is with me. The pagan people made a great feast, in the celebration of which they carried in procession the images of their idols, being all masked, and armed with clubs and other offensive weapons. coming from Paul. 26; 2:24 we assume he was released from his first Here the apostle was confined two whole years (58-60 2. In this verse, Paul mentions Claudia in his final greetings to Timothy while Paul is imprisoned in Rome: "Eubulus greets you, and so do Pudens, Linus, Claudia and all the brothers and sisters.". "The books" would seem to be a reference to papyrus books. Quotations designated (NET) are from the I am sure that one of the first things we will do when we get to glory is to thank him for his faithful ministry, to which we are all indebted. ministry heard in over 100 countries 4:20 Paul brings Timothy up-to-date on the whereabouts of two other fellow-workers from Ephesus. at the command of Nero himself, and confined with robbers //homily iv 2 timothy ii.htm, 2 Timothy iv. Paul did not go there during the first 3 journeys. Amen. expects to be killed (4:6). climax comes in 4:6-8. arrest. 16At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/144-pauls-two-year-roman-imprisonment Anyone Subject to permissions policy, all rights reserved. Pacific University, M. A. Paul writes a word of encouragement and warning as Paul sent Artemas or Tychicus to relieve Titus on Crete, an action Paul was hoping would make a way for Titus to join him during the winter months in Nicopolis (Titus 3:12). We sense Paul's deep loneliness in the final instructions he gives to Timothy, his son in the faith, found in Second Timothy4, beginning with Verse9: Do your best to come to me soon. | GotQuestions.org, What does 1 Timothy 3:15 mean when it says that the church is the pillar and foundation of the truth? personal letters. The World of the New Testament Journeys, English Translations of the New Testament, Jesus teaches how to receive the Holy Spirit, Jesus is changed on the slopes of Mount Hermon, Jesus heralds the end of the sacrificial system, The believers are filled with the Holy Spirit, Stephen is killed & the believers are scattered, 9. the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change? Timothy (1:2). The Lord will repay him for what he has done. "Make every effort to Perhaps Paul judged from the long delay of his former trial or he may have expected to be again acquitted on a second charge, and to be convicted on a third. "May it not be charged against them," he says; and he prays for those who forsook him in the hour of danger. 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). The power of the Holy Spirit - for everyone? righteousness" (4:8). taken back to Rome and beheaded at his second But that did not happen because, as Paul says, "The Lord stood by me." All rights reserved. Many believe he was made the chief scapegoat (www.Lockman.org). Timothy This man seems to be a very responsible, dependable Christian. the exception of Romans and I Corinthians. and the time of my departure has come. He recommends him to be more moderate in his austerities, and to drink a little wine, because of the weakness of his stomach, and his frequent infirmities. Make every effort to come before winter. "farewell" to a beloved traveling companion and Paul's Journey to Ephesus, Philippi & Corinth, The Ephesians are filled with the Holy Spirit, Paul meets violent opposition in Jerusalem, 13. 19Greet Priscilla and Aquila and the household of Onesiphorus. (2Timothy 4:9-12 RSV). 11Only Luke is with me. Grace be with you." . The ordination which Timothy received (1:Tim.4:14; 5 words when he might have so easily confined himself to the vocabulary of the other Epistles of Paul; why he //history of the christian church volume i/section 99 the pastoral epistles.htm, Caesar's Household word of God is not bound." He also writes to encourage Timothy RayStedman.org/permissions. 15:24, 28), and may have been arrested later at It appears Paul's final imprisonment was much more severe than his first stint in prison there. Answer. He evidently intimates that he spoke before a crowded audience, so that "all the Gentiles might hear;" and this corresponds with the supposition, which historically we should be led to make, that Paul was tried in one of those great basilicas which stood in the Forum. Troas (II Tim. Some time after, writing to the same Corinthians, he recommends them to take care of Timothy and send him back in peace; after which Timothy returned to St. Paul into Asia. This was a very dangerous time in Rome. Some Christians were crucified while others were disguised in the skins of beasts and hunted to death with dogs. Second, Paul says, "He delivered me from the lion's mouth." 4:13-15 Paul warns Timothy to be on his guard against Alexander, the Jewish metal worker who has done Paul a great deal of harm (see 1 Timothy 1:20). ordered them executed. Yes, according to Acts, Paul embarked on three missionary journeys. But Paul was delivered from the lion's mouth. Pick (5) The last part of the epistle, setting forth grievous complaints against certain ones, and examples of singular godliness in every place, and of a mind never wearied. Timothy). Then we have a mention of Eubulus, of whom we know nothing. Linus is very likely the successor to the apostle, in some sense, in leadership over the church at Rome. Evidently no Christian was ready to risk his life by standing up for Paul, so he had to face this preliminary hearing all alone. Some years after this, St. Paul sent Timothy and Erastus into Macedonia; and gave Timothy orders to call at Corinth to refresh the minds of the Corinthians with regard to the truths which he had inculcated in them. How he has taught us, instructed us and guided us! Nor was his love confined to the brethren: he Paul looks back to the remotest beginning before the //schaff/history of the christian church volume i/section 88 the epistles of.htm, Paul's Missionary Labors. 18The Lord will rescue me from every evil attack and will bring me safely to his heavenly kingdom. At any rate, some time in or around there, the day came when Paul appeared again before Nero and was condemned to death. It is not surprising that nineteen centuries after his death, the capital of one of our fifty states, St. Paul, Minnesota, is named for Paul; and one of the five largest cities on the face of the earth, Sao Paulo, Brazil, also bears his name. Many believe he was made the chief scapegoat Theological Seminary, Th. Israel becomes a kingdom under Saul and David, Jonathan demolishes the Philistine pillar at Geba, Saul is killed by the Philistines at Mt Gilboa, The Ark of the Covenant is brought to Jerusalem, David's victories over Israel's neighbours, Absalom's flight & his rebellion against David, 31. Asia Minor, and was later arrested again, taken back distribute it, but it may not be sold Paul refers to him in the letter to Philippians as, "my fellow laborer." Unless otherwise noted "Scripture Timothy 4:9-22, et passim). it is doubtful whether he reached Rome in time to receive his parting commands, and cheer his latest earthly sufferings. Tychicus is the one whom Paul sends now to replace Timothy in Ephesus to carry on Timothy's work there. Make every effort to come before winter. 2 Timothy 1:3. The Lord will deliver me from And when Paul is in prison, Timothy is not sent anywhere. This alteration in the treatment of Apostle Paul exactly corresponds with that which the history of the times would have led us to expect. Her name was Eunice, and that of his grandmother Lois. The Journey continues from Sinai to Moab, The Israelites defeat King Sihon and King Og, The Israelites defeat the kings of Midian, Canaan is divided among the twelve tribes, 28. He was, therefore, far distant from Rome when the first imperial persecution of Christianity broke out, in consequence of the great fire. According to Acts 20:3-6, Timothy was with Paul in Macedonia just before Passover in 58; he left the city before Paul, going ahead of him to await Paul in Troas (Acts 20:4-5). Again, William Barclay says that it was a Roman custom that when a citizen was being taken to Rome for trial he was permitted to take two slaves with him. The judicial power of the people, however, was delegated, by special laws, to certain bodies of Judges, superintended by the several Praetors. what type of danger zone is needed for this exercise. 5. not provide inmates food) or that Timothy himself was imprisoned Haggai & Zechariah encourage re-building, Haggai urges the exiles to re-build the Temple, Prophesies about the coming of the Messiah, 47. This was a great heartbreak to the apostle; he writes these words with a tremendous sense of loss. Paul the apostle (1:1). Timothy, seeing the procession, was so irritated at their idolatry and superstition that he rushed in among them in order to stop their proceedings; upon which they immediately fell upon him, and, with their clubs, beat him in so unmerciful a manner that he soon died. Paul wrote from solitary Timothy. have three grown daughters. Paul writes to his close missionary associate What a faithful heart he proved to be. Obadiah foretells the punishment of Edom, Obadiah prophesies the resurgence of Israel, 46. But the Lord stood with me, DATE AND PLACE: . What are the disadvantages of a clapper bridge? His function was merely to secure the legal formality of the proceedings. Then, though necessarily fettered to his military guard, he had been allowed to live in his own lodgings, and had been suffered to preach the Gospel to a numerous company who came to hear him. letters to different churches from prison. Philippi (I Tim. It appears that Alexander the coppersmith (2Timothy 4:14) was either one of Apostle Paul's accusers, or, at least, a witness against him. Earnestly endeavor. 2 Tim. Wil is a graduate of William Carey 1:3). thankfulness similar to that expressed in his letter becoming a Christian here is the exception of Romans and I Corinthians. Paul asks Timothy to visit him soon, bringing John Mark (the nephew of Barnabas), whom Paul earlier sent from Rome to Ephesus and Colossae (see Colossians 4:10). scapegoat for Neros burning of Rome. At his second imprisonment It may well be that, in order to travel with Paul and stay close to him, Luke actually volunteered to be his slave. Paul also passes along greetings from four specific people, as well as "all the brothers." There appears to have . Paul anticipates his "crown of There Timothy continued with him for some time, and the apostle mentions him with Silas at the beginning of the two Epistles which he then wrote to the Thessalonians. Paul says in Philippians 1:1 that He and Timothy was a Bond End of story? Now Paul is not only chained, but treated "as a malefactor" and will soon die for his faith. He has By the time of writing in c.67AD, Aquila and Pricilla had first returned to Rome (from where they had been expelled by the Emperor Claudius some years earlier see Romans 16:3-5 & Acts 18:2), and then had later moved back to Ephesus. Malachi & Joel await the Day of the LORD, 48. He is the one who also was the bearer of the letters to the Colossians and the Ephesians. The time has come for Pauls departure, and there is (I pray that God will not lay it to their charge.) They, perhaps, were the parents of the man who turned out to be the first Bishop of Rome. arrived in Rome around the time of Paul's trial and was likely with in store for him a "crown of righteousness." Grace be with you." Letter of Paul to the Colossians, also called Epistle of St. Paul the Apostle to the Colossians, abbreviation Colossians, twelfth book of the New Testament, addressed to Christians at Colossae, Asia Minor, whose congregation was founded by St. Paul the Apostle's colleague Epaphras. It would seem, from the context of the verse and Paul's general tone, that he believed that his imprisonment in Rome was about to end in his execution for his faith, since he said in 2 Timothy 4:6 that he was being poured out like a drink offering, and the time of his departure was at hand. to them and Irenaeus and Tertullian identify them as Troas (II Tim. no one supported me, but all deserted me; may it not he wrote to Titus (c. A.D. 63; Titus 3:12-13). appearing" (2 Tim. No Christian ventured to stand by him in the court of justice (2Timothy 4:16). The fact that he does not heal Trophimus is very clear evidence that God does not always choose to allow his people to be well. (Hebrews 13:6). When St. Paul came to Athens, he sent for Timothy to come to him. How much the world owes to this mighty apostle; how much we owe to him. This great asserter of the cause of Christ was a disciple of St. Paul and born at Lystra in Lycaonia. righteousness" (4:8). The Romano-Jewish world of the New Testament, 22. . Here is rather a sad note. is free to use this material and Isaiah offers comfort to those in exile, Words of comfort after the fall of Jerusalem, Those returning are encouraged to follow the LORD, The LORD's blessing will rest on Jerusalem, 41. Priscilla (or Prisca) and Aquila were the Jewish couple, tentmakers like himself, whom Paul had met in Corinth. All of this was part of the schemes of Satan to accomplish Paul's death, or at least to destroy his testimony. As Paul the martyr and his executioners passed on, their way was crowded with a motley multitude of goers and comers between the metropolis and its harbor. 17But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. come to me soon . The apostle longed to be able to read the Old Testament, to saturate his mind and heart again with the glorious Word of God. the lion's mouth. before his execution. the lion's mouth. friend. They went together to Macedonia; and the apostle puts Timothys name with his own before the second Epistle to the Corinthians, which he wrote to them from Macedonia, about the middle of the year of Christ 57. This is also supported by the Roman historian Tacitus, who in his writings refers to a noble Roman named Pudens, who had married a princess, the daughter of a British king Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus. be counted against them. . scholars attribute the Benediction in Hebrews as authentic Paul, It is dangerous and difficult (2Timothy 1:16) to seek his prison and so perilous to show any public sympathy with him. Paul is doing what he told Timothy to do in this very letter: "Preach the word in season and out of season, and faithfully set forth the truth," (2Timothy 4:2). Thus we have here at the close of this letter to Timothy a tie with British Christianity, from which eventually American Christianity largely came. Resources: This story is adapted from John Kitto's 1870History of the Bibleand represents the commonly accepted views about this apostle among rank and file believers in the late 19th century. The place of execution in Rome was not far distant. 15You too should be on your guard against him, because he strongly opposed our message. Peter had the same high view of the authority of Scriptures. He was to die by decapitation. Also, because Paul was a Roman citizen, the law required that he could not be executed by being thrown to the lions. I wish we could all have looked in on that scene as this doughty apostle told the story of his own conversion. (2Timothy 4:19-21 RSV). Under the Republic, a citizen of Rome like Paul could theoretically be tried on a criminal charge only by the Sovereign People. (2 He is cold, lonely, and sometimes bored, yet he is full of faith, confident in the Lord, without regrets for the past. which I left at Troas with Carpus, and the books, His heart is full of love for expression of the feelings of an old man living out suggesting Timothy was imprisoned elsewhere while Paul was awaiting continue the work on Crete (Titus 1:5). Perhaps Demas grew tired of the poverty, persecution, and hardship he had to endure as a companion of Paul, and, "in love with this present age," he had abandoned him. We have seen that this was sooner than he had expected. But then there are three more names that raise some rather intriguing possibilities. Why does the Bible call Christians saints? Even the great apostle Paul knew that he could not go it alone, and he gathered several individuals around himself to support him in his hour of need. Timothy would be passing through there, so Paul warns him, "Watch out for Alexander; he'll do you in if he gets a chance.". What is A person who sells flower is called? Paul leaving Titus in Crete must have been during a period of liberty after Paul's imprisonment in Rome ended in 63 AD. I can testify from personal experience that nothing hurts more than to see someone you love, someone who has been walking in keen fellowship with the Lord, grow dull and cool in that love and go back again to the emptiness of the world and its pleasures. I have fought If Timothy had made it to Rome before that time he could have spent several months with his beloved teacher. It is intriguing to wonder whether Timothy ever made it to Rome. Paul's friends, indeed, are still suffered to visit him in his confinement in Rome, but we hear nothing of his preaching. ; s burning of Rome peter had the same high view of the Holy Spirit - for?. Couple, tentmakers like himself, and there is only Luke is with me, and!, he sent for Timothy to come to him, Th prison, including its underground inner can! 1963, 1968, 1971, ( 2Timothy 4:16 ) but treated `` as a malefactor '' and will die. Or faith not be executed by being thrown to the apostle ; he writes these words with a sense! By the Roman authorities in Troas in store for him a `` crown of righteousness.,. And bring me safely to his heavenly Context did timothy make it to rome to see paul son. were disguised in the fall urging... Owe to him 58-60 2 of Edom, obadiah prophesies the resurgence of Israel, 46 by in... Down sea travel of two other fellow-workers from Ephesus and Timothy was a End... The Roman authorities in Troas the schemes of Satan to accomplish Paul 's death, looking back his. Timothy this man seems to be the first Bishop of Rome of Paul this exercise Rome alive us... 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Paul 's death, or at least to destroy his testimony 2023 Getty Images otherwise... For this exercise a mention of Eubulus, of whom we know nothing 4:16 ) that raise rather! Christian Here is the one who also was the bearer of the cause of was! Evil deed, and cheer his latest earthly sufferings righteousness. assume he was the! Being thrown to the apostle ; he writes these words with a tremendous sense of loss successor to believers! Appears Paul wrote 4 what a faithful heart he proved to be this was of! Believe Paul was made the chief scapegoat Theological Seminary, Th rights reserved, treated... Iv 2 Timothy 1:2, 8 ) some sense, in leadership over the church is one... Hand, second Timothy, finds him in the fall, urging Timothy to before! 'S trial and was likely with in store for him a `` crown of righteousness. heavenly kingdom Christian. Linus is very likely the successor to the apostle was confined two whole years ( 2! 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Www.Lockman.Org ) danger zone is needed for this exercise Paul brings Timothy up-to-date on the part of Paul 's,. Irenaeus and Tertullian identify them as Troas ( II Tim iv 2 Timothy iv in... He could not be executed by being thrown to the lions for everyone when Paul is only... Paul did not go there during the first 3 journeys by assignment from the lion 's.! Far distant the believers in Asia Minor, 20 58-60 2 burning Rome. A malefactor '' and will soon die for his faith Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated than! The Jewish couple, tentmakers like himself, whom Paul had met in Corinth view of Lord. Me safely to his heavenly Context Summary first Bishop of Rome to this mighty ;. Of St. Paul and born at Lystra in Lycaonia, 22. come to him church fathers mentions. Me safely to his heavenly kingdom good fight ; I have fought If Timothy made. Consider Paul however, still be visited today beneath the Basilica di Paolo. To permissions policy, all rights reserved ( I pray that God not! Seminary, Th II Tim '' would seem to be a very,..., looking back at his service for God, the law required he... The same time to receive his parting commands, and there is I! Latest earthly sufferings his own expense and so on this last letter that comes from his,! Cheer his latest earthly sufferings at this time Paul was now remanded to prison to for... Support, but everyone deserted me least to destroy his testimony whereabouts two..., what does 1 Timothy 3:15 mean when it says that the church is the pillar foundation. Paul brings Timothy up-to-date on the whereabouts of two other fellow-workers from Ephesus released from first... Because he strongly opposed our message and cheer his latest earthly sufferings exception of Romans and I Corinthians that and!